Volatile chemical products emerging as largest petrochemical source of urban organic emissions
Air pollution evolution
Transport-derived emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have decreased owing to stricter controls on air pollution. This means that the relative importance of chemicals in pesticides, coatings, printing inks, adhesives, cleaning agents, and personal care products has increased. McDonald et al. show that these volatile chemical products now contribute fully one-half of emitted VOCs in 33 industrialized cities (see the Perspective by Lewis). Thus, the focus of efforts to mitigate ozone formation and toxic chemical burdens need to be adjusted.
Abstract
A gap in emission inventories of urban volatile organic compound (VOC) sources, which contribute to regional ozone and aerosol burdens, has increased as transportation emissions in the United States and Europe have declined rapidly. A detailed mass balance demonstrates that the use of volatile chemical products (VCPs)—including pesticides, coatings, printing inks, adhesives, cleaning agents, and personal care products—now constitutes half of fossil fuel VOC emissions in industrialized cities. The high fraction of VCP emissions is consistent with observed urban outdoor and indoor air measurements. We show that human exposure to carbonaceous aerosols of fossil origin is transitioning away from transportation-related sources and toward VCPs. Existing U.S. regulations on VCPs emphasize mitigating ozone and air toxics, but they currently exempt many chemicals that lead to secondary organic aerosols.
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Supplementary Material
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Materials and Methods
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References and Notes
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Information & Authors
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Published In
Science
Volume 359 • Issue 6377 • 16 February 2018
Pages: 760 - 764
History
Received: 26 September 2017
Accepted: 22 December 2017
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001National Science Foundation: AGS-1360834
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001National Science Foundation: AGS-1360834
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001National Science Foundation: AGS-1151062
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000192National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: NA17OAR4310003
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000879Alfred P. Sloan Foundation: 2016-7173
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000879Alfred P. Sloan Foundation: G-2016-7050
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000879Alfred P. Sloan Foundation: 2016-7173
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada: RGPIN/05002-2014
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003151Fonds de Recherche du Québec Nature et Technologies: 2016-PR-192364
