Coupled electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and cerebrospinal fluid oscillations in human sleep
Fluid dynamics during sleep
During non–rapid eye movement sleep, low-frequency oscillations in neural activity support memory consolidation and neuronal computation. Sleep is also associated with increased interstitial fluid volume and clearance of metabolic waste products. It is unknown why these processes co-occur and how they are related. Fultz et al. simultaneously measured electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and flow signals in the human brain (see the Perspective by Grubb and Lauritzen). Large oscillations of fluid inflow to the brain appeared during sleep and were tightly coupled to functional magnetic resonance imaging signals and entrained to electroencephalogram slow waves. Slow oscillatory neuronal activity thus leads to oscillations in blood volume, drawing cerebrospinal fluid into and out of the brain.
Abstract
Sleep is essential for both cognition and maintenance of healthy brain function. Slow waves in neural activity contribute to memory consolidation, whereas cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clears metabolic waste products from the brain. Whether these two processes are related is not known. We used accelerated neuroimaging to measure physiological and neural dynamics in the human brain. We discovered a coherent pattern of oscillating electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and CSF dynamics that appears during non–rapid eye movement sleep. Neural slow waves are followed by hemodynamic oscillations, which in turn are coupled to CSF flow. These results demonstrate that the sleeping brain exhibits waves of CSF flow on a macroscopic scale, and these CSF dynamics are interlinked with neural and hemodynamic rhythms.
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Information & Authors
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Published In
Science
Volume 366 • Issue 6465 • 1 November 2019
Pages: 628 - 631
History
Received: 15 April 2019
Accepted: 18 September 2019
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Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.
This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License.
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Funding Information
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002National Institutes of Health: P41-EB015896
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002National Institutes of Health: S10-RR023043
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002National Institutes of Health: S10-OD010759
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000025National Institute of Mental Health: R00-MH111748
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000025National Institute of Mental Health: R01MH048832
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000025National Institute of Mental Health: R01MH111419
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000025National Institute of Mental Health: R01-MH111438
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000065National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: R21NS106706
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000070National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering: R01EB019437
http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000070National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering: R01EB024343
RE: Control for subject's hydration when measuring fluid oscillations
Was there an effort to measure or control for the subject's level of hydration for this testing, and what effect it might have?
In other words, do I need an extra glass of water before I go to bed?
RE: Coupled electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and cerebrospinal fluid oscillations in human sleep
Could regulated deep breathing exercise lead to similar CSF oscillations identified duing sleep?