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Trading Water for Carbon with Biological Carbon Sequestration

Robert B. Jackson, Esteban G. Jobbágy, Roni Avissar, Somnath Baidya Roy, Damian J. Barrett, Charles W. Cook, Kathleen A. Farley, David C. le Maitre, Bruce A. McCarl, and Brian C. MurrayAuthors Info & Affiliations

Science

23 Dec 2005

Vol 310, Issue 5756

pp. 1944-1947

DOI: 10.1126/science.1119282

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Abstract

Carbon sequestration strategies highlight tree plantations without considering their full environmental consequences. We combined field research, synthesis of more than 600 observations, and climate and economic modeling to document substantial losses in stream flow, and increased soil salinization and acidification, with afforestation. Plantations decreased stream flow by 227 millimeters per year globally (52%), with 13% of streams drying completely for at least 1 year. Regional modeling of U.S. plantation scenarios suggests that climate feedbacks are unlikely to offset such water losses and could exacerbate them. Plantations can help control groundwater recharge and upwelling but reduce stream flow and salinize and acidify some soils.

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We gratefully acknowledge the Duke University Center on Global Change and Provost's Office, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the National Institute for Global Environmental Change of the U.S. Department of Energy, the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and the CSIR for financial support. A. Mendoza assisted with the database, and W. H. Schlesinger and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful suggestions on the manuscript.

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Published In

Science

Volume 310 | Issue 5756
23 December 2005

Copyright

American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Submission history

Received: 24 August 2005

Accepted: 21 November 2005

Published in print: 23 December 2005

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Supporting Online Material

www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/310/5756/1944/DC1

Materials and Methods

Tables S1 to S3

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Authors

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Robert B. Jackson^*

Department of Biology, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, and Center on Global Change, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708–1000, USA.

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Esteban G. Jobbágy

Department of Biology, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, and Center on Global Change, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708–1000, USA.

Grupo de Estudios Ambientales–Instituto de Matematica Aplicada de San Luis (IMASL), Universidad Nacional de San Luis and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), San Luis 5700, Argentina.

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Roni Avissar

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

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Somnath Baidya Roy

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

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Damian J. Barrett

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, Australia 2601.

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Charles W. Cook

Department of Biology, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, and Center on Global Change, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708–1000, USA.

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Kathleen A. Farley

Department of Biology, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, and Center on Global Change, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708–1000, USA.

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David C. le Maitre

Natural Resources and Environment CSIR, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa.

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Bruce A. McCarl

Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

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Brian C. Murray

Center for Regulatory Economics and Policy Research, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.

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Notes

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]

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Trading Water for Carbon with Biological Carbon Sequestration.Science310,1944-1947(2005).DOI:10.1126/science.1119282

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