Cross-biome synthesis of source versus sink limits to tree growth
Uncoupled carbon uptake and storage
Forests are expected to help mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon, with elevated carbon dioxide boosting photosynthesis and carbon uptake. However, the amount of carbon that can be stored in wood also depends on temperature, water, and nutrient availability. Cabon et al. examined temporal correlations between trees’ carbon uptake and woody growth by combining data on tree rings and gross primary productivity measures from 78 forests with carbon dioxide flux towers (see the Perspective by Green and Keenan). They found weak correlations between productivity and woody growth, which responded differently to seasonal temperatures and water availability. Their work shows that limits to tree growth, particularly in dry and cold areas, may constrain potential forest carbon storage. —BEL
Abstract
Uncertainties surrounding tree carbon allocation to growth are a major limitation to projections of forest carbon sequestration and response to climate change. The prevalence and extent to which carbon assimilation (source) or cambial activity (sink) mediate wood production are fundamentally important and remain elusive. We quantified source-sink relations across biomes by combining eddy-covariance gross primary production with extensive on-site and regional tree ring observations. We found widespread temporal decoupling between carbon assimilation and tree growth, underpinned by contrasting climatic sensitivities of these two processes. Substantial differences in assimilation-growth decoupling between angiosperms and gymnosperms were determined, as well as stronger decoupling with canopy closure, aridity, and decreasing temperatures. Our results reveal pervasive sink control over tree growth that is likely to be increasingly prominent under global climate change.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Science
Volume 376 | Issue 6594
13 May 2022
13 May 2022
Copyright
Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.
This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License.
Submission history
Received: 21 September 2021
Accepted: 16 February 2022
Published in print: 13 May 2022
Acknowledgments
We thank C. Hanson, S. Wharton, R. Brooks, and S. Klesse for contributing data to this study, as well as contributors at the International Tree-Ring Data Bank, FLUXNET, and AmeriFlux.
Funding: Supported by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Ecosystem Services and Agro-Ecosystem Management, grant 2018-67019-27850 (A.C., S.A.K., and W.R.L.A.); the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and NSF grants 1714972, 1802880, 2044937, and 2003017 (W.R.L.A.); NSF Ecosystem Science cluster grant 1753845, USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection Evaluation Monitoring program grant 19-05, and DOE Environmental System Science program grant DE-SC0022052 (S.A.K.); Arctic Challenge for Sustainability II grant JPMXD1420318865 (M.U.); USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program grant 2017-67013-26191 (J.T.M.); and DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research grant DE-SC0010611 and NSF Directorate for Biological Sciences grant 1241851 (D.J.M.). Funding for the AmeriFlux data portal was provided by the US Department of Energy Office of Science.
Author contributions: Conceptualization: A.C., W.R.L.A. Methodology: A.C., W.R.L.A., S.A.K. Data contributions: All co-authors. Investigation: A.C., W.R.L.A., S.A.K. Visualization: A.C. Funding acquisition: W.R.L.A. Writing–original draft: A.C., W.R.L.A., S.A.K. Writing–review and editing: All co-authors.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Data and materials availability: All processed data used for the analyses are available on Dryad (DOI: 10.5061/dryad.15dv41nzt) and the code is available on Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6033963).
Authors
Funding Information
Neurosciences Foundation: DE-SC0022052
US National Science Foundation: 1714972, 1802880, 2044937, and 2003017
David and Lucille Packard Foundation
U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
Arctic Challenge for Sustainability II: ArCS II; JPMXD1420318865
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Programme, Ecosystem Services and Agro-Ecosystem Management: 2018-67019-27850
US National Science Foundation Ecosystem Science cluster: 1753845
USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection Evaluation Monitoring program: 19-05
DOE Environmental System Science: DOE DE-SC0022052
NSF Directorate for Biological Sciences: 1241851
DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research: DE-SC0010611
US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program: 20176701326191
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- The limits of forest carbon sequestration, Science, 376, 6594, (692-693), (2022)./doi/10.1126/science.abo6547
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