Entanglement between two spatially separated atomic modes
Splitting the entanglement
When particles in a quantum mechanical system are entangled, a measurement performed on one part of the system can affect the results of the same type of measurement performed on another part—even if these subsystems are physically separated. Kunkel et al., Fadel et al., and Lange et al. achieved this so-called distributed entanglement in a particularly challenging setting: an ensemble of many cold atoms (see the Perspective by Cavalcanti). In all three studies, the entanglement was first created within an atomic cloud, which was then allowed to expand. Local measurements on the different, spatially separated parts of the cloud confirmed that the entanglement survived the expansion.
Abstract
Modern quantum technologies in the fields of quantum computing, quantum simulation, and quantum metrology require the creation and control of large ensembles of entangled particles. In ultracold ensembles of neutral atoms, nonclassical states have been generated with mutual entanglement among thousands of particles. The entanglement generation relies on the fundamental particle-exchange symmetry in ensembles of identical particles, which lacks the standard notion of entanglement between clearly definable subsystems. Here, we present the generation of entanglement between two spatially separated clouds by splitting an ensemble of ultracold identical particles prepared in a twin Fock state. Because the clouds can be addressed individually, our experiments open a path to exploit the available entangled states of indistinguishable particles for quantum information applications.
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Information & Authors
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Science
Volume 360 | Issue 6387
27 April 2018
27 April 2018
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.
This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License.
Submission history
Received: 28 June 2017
Accepted: 22 March 2018
Published in print: 27 April 2018
Acknowledgments
C.K. thanks M. Cramer for the discussion at the 589. Heraeus seminar that led to the initial idea for the experiments. C.K. thanks A. Smerzi, L. Santos, and W. Ertmer for regular inspiring discussions and a review of the manuscript. Funding: This work was supported by the European Union (European Research Council Starting Grant 258647/GEDENTQOPT, CHIST-ERA QUASAR, COST Action CA15220, European Research Council Consolidator Grant 683107/TempoQ and QuantERA CEBBEC); the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund FEDER through grant FIS2015-67161-P (MINECO/FEDER); the Basque government (project IT986-16); the National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NKFIH) (grant K124351); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (Forschungsstipendium KL 2726/2-1 and project KL2421/2-1); the FQXi (grant FQXi-RFP-1608); and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through the START project Y879-N27. We also acknowledge support from DFG through RTG 1729 and CRC 1227 (DQ-mat), project A02. Author contributions: K.L., J.P., B.L., I.K., and C.K. performed the experiments. G.V., I.A., M.K., B.L., C.K., and G.T. contributed to the development of the entanglement criterion. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the data analysis and the writing of the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests. Data and materials availability: The experimental data presented in the figures are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1186798. Other materials may be requested from the corresponding author.
Authors
Funding Information
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: Forschungsstipendium KL 2726/2-1
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: RTG 1729
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: CRC 1227 (DQ-mat), project A02
European Union: ERC Starting Grant 258647/GEDENTQOPT
European Union: CHIST-ERA QUASAR
Austrian Science Fund (FWF): START project Y879-N27
FQXi: FQXi-RFP-1608
Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund FEDER: FIS2015-67161-P (MINECO/FEDER)
Basque Government: Project No. IT986-16
National Research Fund of Hungary OTKA: Contract No. K83858
European Union: COST Action CA15220
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