Current-induced strong diamagnetism in the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4
Tuning diamagnetism with current
Properties of materials can be tuned by various means, such as chemical doping, magnetic field, or pressure. Sow et al. used electrical currents of modest density to turn the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4 into a semimetal. Concurrently, its diamagnetic response—the ability to counter an externally applied magnetic field—rose to levels higher than in any other nonsuperconducting material. The use of electrical current as a powerful experimental knob may be applicable to other similar materials.
Science, this issue p. 1084
Abstract
Mott insulators can host a surprisingly diverse set of quantum phenomena when their frozen electrons are perturbed by various stimuli. Superconductivity, metal-insulator transition, and colossal magnetoresistance induced by element substitution, pressure, and magnetic field are prominent examples. Here we report strong diamagnetism in the Mott insulator calcium ruthenate (Ca2RuO4) induced by dc electric current. The application of a current density of merely 1 ampere per centimeter squared induces diamagnetism stronger than that in other nonsuperconducting materials. This change is coincident with changes in the transport properties as the system becomes semimetallic. These findings suggest that dc current may be a means to control the properties of materials in the vicinity of a Mott insulating transition.
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Supplementary Material
Summary
Materials and Methods
Supplementary Text
Figs. S1 to S16
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Science
Volume 358 | Issue 6366
24 November 2017
24 November 2017
Copyright
Copyright © 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License.
Submission history
Received: 25 June 2016
Accepted: 5 October 2017
Published in print: 24 November 2017
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge discussions with J. G. Bednorz. We also acknowledge technical support from M. P. Jimenez-Segura. This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) (nos. JP26247060, JP15H05852, JP15K21717, and JP17H06136), the JSPS Core-to-Core program, and the Impulsing Paradigm Change through Disruptive Technologies Program (ImPACT) from Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) (grant no. 2015-PM12-05-01). C.S. acknowledges the support of the JSPS International Research Fellowship (grant no. JP17F17027). S.K. acknowledges the support of the Advanced Leading Graduate Course for Photon Science (ALPS). All the relevant data are available upon request from the authors.
Authors
Funding Information
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science: award190054, JP26247060, JP15H05852, JP15K21717, JP17H06136, Core-to-Core program, JP17F17027
Japan Science and Technology Agency: award353390, 2015-PM12-05-01
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