Views of Earth's Magnetosphere with the IMAGE Satellite
Abstract
The IMAGE spacecraft uses photon and neutral atom imaging and radio sounding techniques to provide global images of Earth's inner magnetosphere and upper atmosphere. Auroral imaging at ultraviolet wavelengths shows that the proton aurora is displaced equatorward with respect to the electron aurora and that discrete auroral forms at higher latitudes are caused almost completely by electrons. Energetic neutral atom imaging of ions injected into the inner magnetosphere during magnetospheric disturbances shows a strong energy-dependent drift that leads to the formation of the ring current by ions in the several tens of kiloelectron volts energy range. Ultraviolet imaging of the plasmasphere has revealed two unexpected features—a premidnight trough region and a dayside shoulder region—and has confirmed the 30-year-old theory of the formation of a plasma tail extending from the duskside plasmasphere toward the magnetopause.
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We thank W. Lewis, J. Micha-Jahn, R. Gladstone, and E. Mayfield (Southwest Research Institute) for preparation of the figures. We are grateful to the IMAGE investigators who participated in the analysis of data for this paper. These scientists include H. Frey and T. Immel (University of California, Berkeley); B. Giles, S. Fung, and M. Collier (NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center); P. Brandt (Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory); and R. King and C. Curtis (University of Arizona). We appreciate the Polar UVI data provided by M. Brittnacher (University of Washington). Supported by NASA Contract No. NAS5-96020 with Southwest Research Institute.
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Published In
Science
Volume 291 | Issue 5504
26 January 2001
26 January 2001
Submission history
Received: 10 October 2000
Accepted: 13 December 2000
Published in print: 26 January 2001
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