Science Funding and Short-Term Economic Activity
Expenditures from grant funds support many different types of workers and vendors across the nation.
Abstract
There is considerable interest among policy-makers in documenting short-term effects of science funding. A multiyear scientific journey that leads to long-term fruits of research, such as a moon landing, is more tangible if there is visible nearer-term activity, such as the presence of astronauts. Yet systematic data on such activities have not heretofore existed. The only source of information for describing the production of most science is surveys that have been called “a rough estimate, frequently based on unexamined assumptions that originated years earlier” (1).
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References and Notes
1
National Research Council, Data on Federal Research and Development Investments: A Pathway to Modernization (National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2010), p. 1.
2
Lane J., Bertuzzi S., Science 331, 678 (2011).
3
National Institutes of Health, “Biomedical research workforce working group report,” (NIH, Bethesda, MD, 2012); http://acd.od.nih.gov/biomedical_research_wgreport.pdf.
4
Stephan P. E., How Economics Shapes Science (Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, MA, 2012).
5
NSF, Higher Education Research and Development Survey, (NSF, Arlington, VA, 2013); http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/herd/.
6
Begley S., Newsweek, 14 January 1991, 44.
7
Lerner J., Stern S., Eds., The Rate and Direction of Invented Activity Revisited (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2012).
8
Center for the Science of Science and Innovation Policy, “Empirical foundations of science and innovation policy,” workshop summary, Paris, France, 16 and 17 September 2013 (CSSIP, Washington, DC, 2013); http://cssip.org/login/september-workshop.
9
Furman J. L., et al., Nature 468, 757 (2010).
10
Owen-Smith J., et al., J. Policy Anal. Manage. 31, 741 (2012).
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Science
Volume 344 | Issue 6179
4 April 2014
4 April 2014
Copyright
Copyright © 2014, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Submission history
Published in print: 4 April 2014
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by NSF SciSP Awards 1064220 and 1262447; NSF Education and Human Resources Award 1348691; NIH P01AG039347; and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Data were generously provided by the Committee on Institutional Cooperation and its member institutions. We thank W. Cheng, C. Jones, E. Klochikhin, and J. Staudt for research support.
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