Postseismic Relaxation Along the San Andreas Fault at Parkfield from Continuous Seismological Observations
Abstract
Seismic velocity changes and nonvolcanic tremor activity in the Parkfield area in California reveal that large earthquakes induce long-term perturbations of crustal properties in the San Andreas fault zone. The 2003 San Simeon and 2004 Parkfield earthquakes both reduced seismic velocities that were measured from correlations of the ambient seismic noise and induced an increased nonvolcanic tremor activity along the San Andreas fault. After the Parkfield earthquake, velocity reduction and nonvolcanic tremor activity remained elevated for more than 3 years and decayed over time, similarly to afterslip derived from GPS (Global Positioning System) measurements. These observations suggest that the seismic velocity changes are related to co-seismic damage in the shallow layers and to deep co-seismic stress change and postseismic stress relaxation within the San Andreas fault zone.
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All of the data used in this study came from the Parkfield HRSN and were collected by the Berkeley Seismological Laboratory (BSL) with support from the USGS under grant 07HQAG0014. We are grateful to the BSL staff. We thank P. Bernard and J. P. Gratier for discussions, O. Coutant for providing us with the doublet analysis code, and G. Moguilny for maintaining the Cohersis cluster. We acknowledge the December 2007 joint BSL /IPGP workshop. This work was supported by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France) under contracts 05-CATT-010-01 (PRECORSIS) and ANR-06-CEXC-005 (COHERSIS); by NSF under grants EAR-0537641 and EAR-0544730; and by USGS under grant 06HQGR0167. This is Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) contribution no. 2393.
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Science
Volume 321 | Issue 5895
12 September 2008
12 September 2008
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American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Submission history
Received: 27 May 2008
Accepted: 17 July 2008
Published in print: 12 September 2008
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