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Transcrystalline Melt Migration and Earth's Mantle

Pierre Schiano, Ariel Provost, Roberto Clocchiatti, and François Faure
Science • 10 Nov 2006 • Vol 314, Issue 5801 • pp. 970-974 • DOI: 10.1126/science.1132485
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Abstract

Plate tectonics and volcanism involve the formation, migration, and interaction of magma and gas. Experiments show that melt inclusions subjected to a thermal gradient migrate through olivine crystals, under the kinetic control of crystal-melt interface mechanisms. Exsolved gas bubbles remain fixed and eventually separate from the melt. Scaled to thermal gradients in Earth's mantle and geological times, our results account for the grain-scale segregation of primitive melts, reinterpret CO2-rich fluid inclusions as escaped from melt, and question the existence of a free, deeply percolating fluid phase. Melt migration experiments also allow us to quantify crystal growth kinetics at very low undercoolings in conditions appropriate to many natural systems.
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We thank B. Thellier and D. Massare for technical assistance. Financial support was provided by the European Community's Human Potential Programme under contract HPRN-CT-2002-00211 (Euromelt).

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Science
Volume 314 | Issue 5801
10 November 2006

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American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Submission history

Received: 13 July 2006
Accepted: 10 October 2006
Published in print: 10 November 2006

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Authors

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Pierre Schiano*
Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Observatoire de Physique du Globe, Université Blaise Pascal et CNRS, 5 rue Kessler, 63038 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France.
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Ariel Provost
Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Observatoire de Physique du Globe, Université Blaise Pascal et CNRS, 5 rue Kessler, 63038 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France.
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Roberto Clocchiatti
Laboratoire Pierre Süe, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Saclay, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et CNRS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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François Faure†
Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Observatoire de Physique du Globe, Université Blaise Pascal et CNRS, 5 rue Kessler, 63038 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France.
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Notes

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]

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