Advertisement

This eagle shark once soared through ancient seas near Mexico

New species suggests winglike fins evolved more than once

a shark in water
Oscar Sanisidro

If you've ever seen a manta ray, you may be able to imagine what the ancient eagle shark looked like in action: a giant, ghostly figure flapping through Cretaceous era seas near present-day Mexico. For the first time, paleontologists describe the new species, discovered in a limestone quarry in northeastern Mexico in 2012, today in Science. Aquilolamna milarcae—a combination of "eagle shark" and the name of the museum that will host the specimen—was a plankton eater that lived toward the end of the era of the dinosaurs, some 90 million years ago.

The shark's pectoral fins are its most striking characteristic. They stretch to a 1.9 meter "wingspan." (The shark was 1.66 meters from head to tail.) Researchers say those fins, combined with the animal's broad head and mouth, suggest it was related to today's manta and devil rays. But the animal's tail fin—and the rest of its body plan—more closely resembles modern tiger sharks. That suggests, the researchers say, that such "wings" for underwater flight evolved several times independently.

The eagle shark was likely a slow swimmer that used its tail fin to propel itself and its pectoral fins to maneuver—and maybe add extra speed. The specimen lacks teeth, but that may because its teeth were tiny—similar to plankton-eating whale sharks and basking sharks—and decayed before they could fossilize. The animal likely went extinct when the oceans acidified after the dinosaur-killing asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous era, the researchers say, killing off its plankton food source.


Support nonprofit science journalism

Help News from Science publish trustworthy, high-impact stories about research and the people who shape it. Please make a tax-deductible gift today.

Donate

Not Now

Thank you for reading News fromScience.

You have reached your limit of 3 free news stories in the past 30 days.

To gain unlimited access to News fromScience, pleaseLog inor subscribe to News from Science.

AAAS Members canLog infor unlimited access.

$2.99/Month$25/YearFrequently Asked Questions