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Climate warming is unequivocal and exceeds internal climate variability. However,
estimates of the magnitude of decadal-scale variability from models and observations
are uncertain, limiting determination of the fraction of warming attributable to ...
Climate variability in the tropical Pacific affects global climate on a wide range
of time scales. On interannual time scales, the tropical Pacific is home to the El
Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Decadal variations and changes in the tropical Pacific,
...
Book Review
The children's climate crusade
Recent studies suggest increasing sensitivity to orbital variations across the Eocene-Oligocene
greenhouse to icehouse climate transition. However, climate simulations and paleoenvironmental
studies mostly provide snapshots of the past climate, therefore ...
Radiocarbon (14C), as a consequence of its production in the atmosphere and subsequent dispersal
through the carbon cycle, is a key tracer for studying the Earth system. Knowledge
of past 14C levels improves our understanding of climate processes, the Sun,...
Many studies have sought to constrain climate projections based on recent observations.
Until recently, these constraints had limited impact, and projected warming ranges
were driven primarily by model outputs. Here, we use the newest climate model ...
The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic has resulted in a marked slowdown
in greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions. Although the resulting emission reductions
will continue to evolve, this will presumably be temporary. Here, we provide estimates
...
Studies have documented climate change–induced shifts in species distributions but
uncertainties associated with data and methods are typically unexplored. We reviewed
240 reports of climate-related species-range shifts and classified them based on three
...
Extreme temperature events have occurred in all ocean basins in the past two decades
with detrimental impacts on marine biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and services.
However, global impacts of temperature extremes on fish stocks, fisheries, and ...
Strategies for 21st-century environmental management and conservation under global
change require a strong understanding of the biological mechanisms that mediate responses
to climate- and human-driven change to successfully mitigate range contractions, ...